Table 8.2.2 The Effects of Chlorophenols on Freshwater Algae.

mg/L

chlorophenol

species and conditions

effect

ref.

Chlorella pyrenoidosa

200

Phenol

growth

NOEL

3

500

Phenol

growth

EC₁₀₀

3

10.0

2-MCP

static bioassay, 25C, toxicity test

NOEL

284

96

2-MCP

static bioassay, pH 7.0

72-h EC₅₀

284

100

2-MCP

25C, pH 7.3, static, photosyn. reduct.

3-d 88%

284

500

2-MCP

25C, pH 7.3, static, photosyn. reduct.

3-d 74%

284

10

3-MCP

25C, 5% CO2, constant light, 1 g/L of cells, photosyn. reduct./O2 evolution.

3-d NOEL

284

40

3-MCP

static bioassay, pH 7.0

72-h EC₅₀

284

100

3-MCP

25C, 5% CO2, constant light, 1 g/L cells, photosyn. reduct./O2 evolution

3-d 82%

284

500

3-MCP

25C, 5% CO2, constant light, 1 g/L cells, photosyn. reduct./O2 evolution

EC₁₀₀

284

40

4-MCP

static bioassay, pH 7.0

72-h EC₅₀

284

100

4-MCP

25C, 5% CO2, constant light, 1 g/L cells, photosyn. reduct./O2 evolution

3-d 84%

284

500

4-MCP

25C, 5% CO2, constant light, 1 g/L cells, photosyn. reduct./O2 evolution

3-d 27.4%

284

8.0

2,4-DCP

14-day static bioassay at 18C, growth

NOEL

3

10.0

2,4-DCP

lab. 14-day static bioassay at 18C, growth response

14-d EC₁₀₀

3

21.0

2,4-DCP

static bioassay, pH 7.0, chloro. reduct.

72-h EC₅₀

284

50

2,4-DCP

oxygen production reduced to

56.4%

284

50

2,4-DCP

photosynthetic production inhibition

2-h EC₄₀

501

100

2,4-DCP

oxygen production reduced to

42%

284

100

2,4-DCP

chlorophyll destruction

EC₁₀₀

284

163

2,4-DCP

nitrite and nitrate uptake and assimilation

EC₁₀₀

500

1.0

2,4,5-TCP

chlorophyll destruction

72-h NOEL

284

10.0

2,4,5-TCP

chlorophyll destruction

72-h EC₁₀₀

284

0.1

2,4,6-TCP

14-day static bioassay at 18C, growth

NOEL

3

1.0

2,4,6-TCP

lab. 14-day static bioassay at 18C, growth response

14-d EC₁₀₀

3

1.0

2,4,6-TCP

photosyn. suppression, 25C, 5% CO2

NOEL

284

10.0

2,4,6-TCP

chlorophyll destruction

72-h EC₅₀

284

100

2,4,6-TCP

photosyn. suppression, 25C, 5% CO2

72-h EC₅₀

284

0.0075

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

photosynthesis effects, 25C, pH 7.0

72-h EC₁₀₀

284

7.0

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

growth response, hard water, pH 8.0

96-h EC₅₀

85

mg/L

chlorophenol

species and conditions

effect

ref.

Chlorella variegatum

2.0

NaPCP

lab., static bioassay, 75% PCP, toxicity

72-h EC0

330

Chlorella vulgaris

170

2-MCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

29.0

4-MCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

3.6

2,4,5-TCP

toxicity

7-d EC₅₀

237

10.0

2,4,6-TCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

Scenedesmus obliquus

1.8

NaPCP

laboratory static bioassay for toxicity

7-d EC

330

2.0

NaPCP

laboratory static bioassay for toxicity

3-d EC

330

Freshwater Periphyton Communities

0.048

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

instream growth and species ratios

EC

116

15

NaPCP

laboratory, growth effects over time

EC

163

15

NaPCP

pond, growth effects

7-d EC

163

20

NaPCP

laboratory, growth effects immediately

EC

163

Ankistrodesmus braunii

6-7

NaPCP

laboratory culture

48-h LC₆₅

8

Green Algae

500

2-MCP

EC

220

50

2,4-MCP

EC

220

10

2,3,5-TCP

EC

220

2.66

2,3,5,6-TTCP

EC

220

0.0075

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

EC

220

Gomphonema parvulum diatom

1.8

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

7-d EC

330

2.0

NaPCP

laboratory static bioassay, 75% PCP, toxicity test

3-d NOEL

330

Nitzschia palea diatom

1.8

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

3-d EC

330

2.0

NaPCP

laboratory static bioassay, 75% PCP, toxicity test

3-d EC

330

Cyleniospermum licheniforme green

1.8

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

3-d EC

330

2.0

NaPCP

laboratory static bioassay, 75% PCP, toxicity test

3-d EC

330

mg/L

chlorophenol

species and conditions

effect

ref.

Phaeodactylum tricornutum

0.32

4-MCP

static bioassay pH 7.8, growth effects

NOEL

371

9.6

4-MCP

static bioassay pH 7.8, growth effects

96-h LC₅₀

371

Scenedesmus pannonicus

3.2

4-MCP

static bioassay pH 7.8, growth effects

NOEL

371

10

4-MCP

static bioassay pH 7.8, growth effects

96-h LC₅₀

371

Scenedesmus quadricauda

3.6

2,4-DCP

static bioassay, pH 7.0, cell division

7-d EC

42

0.080

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

pH 8.0, hard water, growth effects

96-h EC₅₀

85

Scenedesmus capricornutum

0.29

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

growth effects

96-h EC₅₀

85

0.41

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

growth effects

48-h EC₅₀

85

Chlamydomonas reinhardii

2.66

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, 3 min.

50%

219

Microcystis aeruginosa green

2.0

2,4-DCP

static bioassay, pH 7.0, cell division

8-d EC

383

1.8

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

3-d EC

330

2.0

NaPCP

lab. static bioassay, 75% PCP, toxicity

3-d EC

330

Anabaena flos-aquae

0.040

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

cell growth, density, pH 7.5, 24-25 C

5-d NOEL

758

0.077

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

cell growth, density, pH 7.5, 24-25 C

5-d LOEL

758

Navicula pelliculosa

0.0078

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

cell growth, density, pH 7.5, 25 C

5-d NOEL

756

0.018

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

cell growth, density, pH 7.5, 25 C

5-d LOEL

756

Ankistrodesmus falcatus

0.001-0.0013

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

photosynthesis and growth rate, 20 C, pH not reported

11-d LOEL

764

Melosira

0.001-0.0013

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

photosynthesis and growth rate, 20 C, pH not reported

8-d LOEL

764

Microcystis

0.001-0.0013

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

photosynthesis and growth rate, 20 C, pH not reported

10-d LOEL

764

mg/L

chlorophenol

species and conditions

effect

ref.

Selanastrum capricornutum

70.0

2-MCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

29.0

3-MCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

4.79

4-MCP

cell production and growth

96-h EC₅₀

372

38.0

4-MCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

0.7

3,5-DCP

phosphate uptake rate

72-h EC₁₀

699

1.9

3,5-DCP

growth rate

72-h EC₁₀

699

2.9

3,5-DCP

phosphate uptake rate

72-h EC₅₀

699

6.3

3,5-DCP

growth rate

72-h EC₅₀

699

2.0

2,3,4-TCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

1.22

2,4,5-TCP

chlorophyll A production

96-h EC₅₀

372

3.5

2,4,6-TCP

96-h EC₅₀

399

2.66

2,3,5,6-TTCP

cell production rate

96-h EC₅₀

451

2.72

2,3,5,6-TTCP

chlorophyll A effects

96-h EC₅₀

451

0.012

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

cell growth, density, pH 7.5, 24-25 C

5-d NOEL

757

0.017

2,3,4,5,6-PCP

cell growth, density, pH 7.5, 24-25 C

5-d LOEL

757