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Water Quality
Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Fluoride
Table 5.10 Fluoride Accumulation in Marine Fish as a Function
of the Ambient Fluoride Levels
mg/L
F
|
Salt
|
Reference
|
Species
|
conditions
and accumulation factors
|
0.89
|
NaF
|
Hemens et
al., 1975
|
Mugil
cephalus (mullet)
|
68-d
exposure, 25°C, total body fluoride levels in mg/kg.
17 mm fish: ash-377, wet weight-25.3* 52 mm fish: ash-422,
wet weight-28.3*
|
0.95
|
NaF
|
Hemens et
al., 1975
|
Mugil
cephalus (mullet)
|
113-d
exposure, 25°C, total body fluoride level in mg/kg.
ash-725, wet weight-48.7*
|
1.05
|
NaF
|
Hemens et
al., 1975
|
Mugil
cephalus (mullet)
|
72-d
exposure, 25°C, 20 ppt salinity, fish not fed, total
body fluoride level in mg/kg, ash-141.8, wet weight-9.5*
|
1.2-1.5
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Gadus
morrhua
(cod)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg gill-2.1, skeleton-23.9,
skin-29.6, gonad-2.8, liver-1.2, kidney-2.1, muscle-1.7,
fat body-0.9, blood-<0.2 stomach wall-3.6
|
1.2-1.5
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Gadus
aeglifinus (haddock)
|
wet
weight tissue levels mg/kg gill-5.7, skeleton-49.3, skin-37.0,
gonad-1.5, liver-0.2, kidney-0.6, muscle-1.8, fat body-0.5,
stomach wall-3.6
|
1.2-1.5
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Pleuronectes
limanda
(dabs)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, gill-1.9, skeleton-99.7,
skin-52.2, gonad-0.14, liver-2.5, muscle-1.0, stomach
wall-4.1
|
1.4
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Oblada
melanura
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, muscle and skin-25, scales-565,
fins-655, gills-415, bone-300, liver and digestive tract-35
|
1.4
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Mugil
labrosus
(mullet)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, muscle-1.8, skin-12.2, fins-189,
scales-150, gills-65.5, bone-76, liver and digestive
tract-22.8
|
1.4
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Mugil
labrosus
(mullet)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, muscle-1.8, skin-13.3, fins-165,
scales-180, gills-69, bone-73.7, liver and digestive
tract-2.3
|
1.72
mean
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Gadus
morrhua
(cod)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg skeleton-42.3, skin-24.5,
liver-2.7, kidney-2.2, muscle-1.9, stomach wall-3.2
|
1.72
mean
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Gadus
aeglifinus
(haddock)
|
wet
weight tissue levels mg/kg skeleton-34.3, skin-45.0,
liver-3.0, gill bar-100.4, muscle-3.0, stomach wall-2.0
|
1.7
mean
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Clupea
sprattus
(sprat)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg skeleton-52.2, skin-17.6,
muscle-4.2
|
1.72
mean
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Pleuronectes
flesus
(flounder)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, skeleton-34.3, skin-11.1,
liver-2.8, stomach wall-8.6, muscle-1.8
|
1.72
mean
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Pleuronectes
limanda
(dab)
|
wet
weight tissue level, mg/kg, skeleton-55.9, skin-19.5,
liver-1.3, stomach wall-2.5, muscle-1.7
|
1.72
mean
|
sea
|
Wright & Davidson,
1975
|
Cyclopteris
lumpus
(lumpsucker)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, skeleton-30.7, skin26.8,
liver-3.9, stomach wall-4.1, muscle-8.6
|
2.0
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Ombrina
cirrosa
|
wet weight
tissue levels, mg/kg, muscle-5.1, skin-21, scales-410,
bone-361.7
|
2.0
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Mugil
cephalus
(mullet)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, muscle-11.5, skin-45.5,
scales-604.4, bone-272.8, fins-379.2 gills-372, liver
and digestive tract-1604.5
|
2.0
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Mugil
labrosus
(mullet)
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, muscle-7.7, skin-38.8, scales-672.9,
bone-407.3, fins-397.5, gills-149, liver and digestive
tract-649
|
2.0
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Oblada
melanura
|
wet
weight tissue levels, mg/kg, muscle-30.2, skin-370, scales-1139,
fins-2355, bone-1191, gills-1335, liver and digestive
tract-113.8
|
3.0
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Mugil
auratus
(mullet)
|
wet
weight tissue level, mg/kg, muscle-3.1, skin-19.0, scales-185.0,
bone-73
|
3.0
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Mugil
labrosus
(mullet)
|
wet
weight tissue level, mg/kg, muscle-5.2, skin-35, scales-450,
bone-335
|
3.0
about
|
sea
|
Milhaud et
al., 1981
|
Mugil
cephalus
(mullet)
|
wet
weight tissue level, mg/kg, muscle-26, muscle & skin-10.2,
scales-1053.3, bone-393.8
|
5.65
|
NaF
|
Hemens et
al., 1975
|
Mugil
cephalus
(mullet)
|
113-d
exposure, 25°C, total body fluoride levels in mg/kg,
2.61 x the level in controls @ 0.95 mg/L F, ash-1895,
wet weight-127.3*
|
570
|
NaF
|
Hemens et
al., 1975
|
Mugil
cephalus
(mullet)
|
113-d
exposure, 25°C, total body fluoride levels in mg/kg,
2.81 x the level in controls @ 0.95 mg/L F ash-2037,
wet weight-136.8*
|
5.88
|
NaF
|
Hemens et
al., 1975
|
Mugil
cephalus
(mullet)
|
68-d
exposure, 25°C, total body fluoride levels in mg/kg,
controls @ 0.89 mg/L F, 17 mm fish, ash-1394, wet weight-93.6*,
3.69 x controls, 52 mm fish, ash-796, wet weight-53.5*
1.88 x controls
|
50
|
NaF
|
Hemens et
al., 1975
|
Mugil
cephalus
(mullet)
|
fluoride
levels in tissue, mg/kg, ash, whole body-796, soft tissue-490,
bone-1313, wet weight, bone-88.2* whole body-53.5*, soft
tissue-32.9*,
|
52
|
NaF
|
Hemens & Warwick,
1972
|
Mugil
cephalus
(mullet)
|
total
body fluoride level, mg/kg, 72-d exposure, 25°C,
20 ppt salinity, no food, 54.6 x controls @ 1.05 mg/L
F ash-7743**, wet weight-520**
|
** These fish were determined
to be 69.9% water. The F-in-ash to F-in wet weight ratio was
14.9. This factor was used to convert other values*, given
only in microgram/gram ash, to mg/kg wet weight.
 
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