Water Quality

References and Glossary

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Glossary

Alim — inorganic monomeric aluminum

Alom — aluminum complexed with organic ligands forming organomonomeric aluminum.

Allochthonous organic matter — plant and organic matter transported into a water body from the surrounding terrestrial watershed.

Anoxia — lacking oxygen

Autochthonous organic matter — organic matter in a water body derived from primary producers or other autotrophic processes.

CONCDUR — concentration-duration factor defined as the median Alim concentration during an episode (period of daily median Alim greater than 100 mg/L) multiplied by the duration of the episode in days.

Detritivores — organisms that consume dead organic matter (detritus).

Dialyzable fraction — portion of a sample recovered after separation of substances in a solution by means of their unequal diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane.

Drainage lakes — lakes that receive the majority of their water from the surrounding watershed.

Euphotic zone — surface layer of water to the depth of light penetration where photosynthetic production equals respiration.

Filtering invertebrates — invertebrates that remove organic matter from the water column by filtering.

Gathering invertebrates — invertebrates that collect organic matter from their environment for consumption.

Heterotrophy — requiring a supply of organic matter or food from the environment.

Histology — a branch of anatomy that deals with the minute structure of animal and plant tissues as discernible with the microscope.

Holarctic oligotrophic lakes — northern lakes that are low in nutrients and in productivity.

Humic substances — high molecular weight substances formed from microbial degradation of plant material; persistent substances whose basic structure is aromatic rings variously bridged into condensed form by -O-, -NH, -CH2-, or -S- linkages with attached hydroxy groups that provide acidity, hydrophilic properties, base-exchange capacity, and tannin-like character.

Nonhumic substances — low molecular weight organic substances that are easily degraded and exhibit rapid flux rates; includes carbohydrates, proteins, peptides, fats, pigments, waxes, and amino acids.

Littoral zone — shallow water zone of lakes in which light penetrates to the bottom permitting vegetative growth; also zone between high and low water marks in tidal areas.

Oligotrophic — a water body low in nutrients and productivity.

Pelagic zone — free water zone generally populated by swimming and floating biota.

Photic zone — the depth of a water body through which light can penetrate.

Seepage lakes — lakes that receive the majority of their water from ground water sources.

Shredders — aquatic animals that feed on course particles of organic matter.

Temporal variation — change over time.

Trophic levels — functional classification of organisms in an ecosystem according to feeding relationships from first level autotrophs through succeeding levels of herbivores and carnivores.

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