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Table 12.01 : Effect of Selenium on livestock |
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Species |
Effect concentration for Se (dry wt basis) and Se species |
Effect/comments |
Test conditions |
Reference |
|
calves |
2.0 mg Se/kg body weight of calf, administered by injection |
12-h-lassitude, inappetance, dyspnea and death |
neonatal calves were tested |
MacDonald et al., 1981 |
|
calves |
20.0 mg Se/kg body weight administered orally |
6.0-h-death |
- |
Dudley, 1936 |
|
calves |
9.9-11.0 mg Se/kg body weight administered orally |
lethal dose |
- |
Miller and Williams, 1940 |
|
chicken |
5.0 ug Se/g in diet |
LOAEC |
|
Ort and Latshaw, 1978 |
|
cow |
10.0 ppm supplemented in diet |
conc. in cows reached only 0.275 mg Se/L in blood serum due possibly to the ruminal microbial populations and environment |
- |
Ellis et al., 1989 |
|
horses |
20.0 ppm in hay diet |
3-wk-single serum sample of one of 25 affected horses was 0.928 mg Se/L and was reduced to 0.525 after high Se diet had been discontinued and after 6 wks the mean serum value of three horses was 0.285 |
- |
Stowe and Herdt, 1992 |
|
pigs |
8.81 ppm in feed |
5-wk-conc in one of pigs after 5 wks was 1.525 mg Se/L, pigs developed an uncoordinated gait and/or varying degrees of parensis; 1 wk after high Se diet discontinued levels were between .451 and 1.488 of 13 pigs tested and after 4 wks. .258 in 9 pigs |
- |
Stowe and Herdt, 1992 |
|
pigs |
2.0 mg Se/kg body weight of pig, administered by injection |
4-h-100% mortality |
- |
Orstadins, 1960 |
|
pigs |
1.2 mg Se/kg body weight of pig, administered by injection |
5-h-100% mortality |
- |
Orstadins, 1960 |
|
sheep |
3.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
10-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 1.89 in liver, 6.9 in kidney, 0.52 in muscle, 1.31 in heart, 2.35 in spleen and 0.12 (mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
3.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
20-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 2.30 in liver, 7.5 in kidney, 0.51 in muscle, 1.33 in heart, 2.28 in spleen and 0.12 (mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
3.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
30-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 3.79 in liver, 8.2 in kidney, 0.48 in muscle, 1.21 in heart, 2.36 in spleen and 0.13 (in mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
6.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
10-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 5.86 in liver, 11.5 in kidney, 0.56 in muscle, 1.47 in heart, 3.09 in spleen and 0.17 (mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
6.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
20-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 5.45 in liver, 12.0 in kidney, 0.56 in muscle, 1.57 in heart, 2.97 in spleen and 0.18 (in mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
6.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
30-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 7.21 in liver, 11.8 in kidney, 0.55 in muscle, 1.48 in heart, 3.05 in spleen and 0.19 (in mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
9.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
10-d- tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 8.31 in liver, 14.7 in kidney, 0.66 in muscle, 1.61 in heart, 3.08 in spleen and 0.24 (in mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
9.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
20-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 8.12 in liver, 14.4 in kidney, 0.67 in muscle, 1.65 in heart, 3.12 in spleen and 0.25 (in mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
|
sheep |
9.0 as Na2SeO3 ug Se/g in diet |
30-d-tissue conc. of ug Se/g were: 8.47 in liver, 15.3 in kidney, 0.70 in muscle, 1.69 in heart, 3.12 in spleen and 0.27 (in mg Se/L) in serum |
- |
Echevarria et al., 1988 |
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KEY |
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LOAEC = Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Concentration |
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