Impacts On Aquatic Ecosystems

Water Quality

Impacts On Aquatic Ecosystems

Fisheries/Forestry Interactions
Stream Temperature and Chemistry
Channel Morphology and Streamflow
Sediments
Impacts on Benthic Invertebrates
Riparian Ecosystems

FISHERIES /FORESTRY INTERACTIONS

A Discussion of Suspended Sediment in the Takla Lake Region: the Influence of Water Discharge and Spawning Salmon. 1995. Cheong, A.L., J.C. Scrivener, J.S. Macdonald, B.C. Andersen, and E.M. Choromanski. Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, West Vancouver Laboratory. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 2074. {MoELP}

A Review of the Administrative Use and Implementation of the Coastal Fisheries Forestry Guidelines. 1991. Moore, Keith. Moore Resource Management, Queen Charlotte City, B.C. for Department of Fisheries and Oceans and BC Ministry of Environment on behalf of the Coastal Fisheries Forestry Guidelines Technical Committee. {MoF}

A Summary of the Population Responses of Chum Salmon to Logging in Carnation Creek, British Columbia Between 1970 and 1986. 1988. Scivener, J.C. In T.W. Chamberlin. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia. {MoELP/WQB}

An Annotated Bibliography of the Carnation Creek Fish-Forestry Project -1970 to 1988. 1988. Poulin, V.A. and J.C. Scrivener. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1640, 35p. {MoELP}

Application and Effectiveness of the Coastal Fisheries Forestry Guidelines in Selected Cut Blocks on Vancouver Island. 1992. Tripp D., A. Nixon., R.Dunlop. Province of B.C., Ministry of Environment Lands and Parks, Fish and Wildlife Division.

Behavioral Thermoregulation and Homing by Spring Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), in the Yakima River. 1991. Berman, C.H., and T.P. Quinn. Journal of Fish Biology. 39(3): 301-312.

Buffer Strip Design for Protecting Water Quality and Fish Habitat. 1994. Belt, G.H. and J. O'Laughlin. Western Journal of Applied Forestry. 9(2): 41-45.

Changes in Composition of the Streambed Between 1973 and 1985 and the Impacts on Salmonids in Carnation Creek. 1988. Scivener, J.C. In T.W. Chamberlin. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia. {MoELP/WQB}

Diversity of Juvenile Anadromous Salmonid Assemblages in Coastal Oregon Basins with Different Levels of Timber Harvest. 1993. Reeves, Gordon H., Fred H. Everest, and James R. Sedell. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 122(3): 309-317. {MoELP/WQB}

Effects of Forest Harvesting Practices on Spawning Habitat of Stream Salmonids in the Centennial Creek Watershed, British Columbia. 1977. Slaney, P.A., T.G. Halsey, and A.F. Tautz. Fisheries Management Report No.73. Province of British Columbia Ministry of Recreation and Conservation. {MoELP, MoF}

Effects of Large Organic Debris Additions on the Cutthroat (Salmo clarki) Population of a Small Coastal Stream After Intensive Clearcut Logging and Silviculture. 1988. Korsch, D.M. UBC. Faculty of Forestry. BSF Thesis.

Effects of Log Storage on the Food Supply and Diet of Juvenile Sockeye Salmon. 1991. Power, E. A. and T. G. Northcote. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 11: 413-423.

Effects of Sediment Transport on Survival of Salmonid Embryos in a Natural Stream: A Simulation Approach. 1992. Lisle, Thomas E. and Jack Lewis. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 49: 2337-2344. {MoELP}

Fish Habitat Inventory & Information Program: Stream Survey Field Guide. 1989. Reid, B.J. (ed.) Department of Fisheries & Oceans and Ministry of Environment.

Impacts of Forest Management on Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Populations of the Clearwater River, Washington: A Project Summary. 1987. Cederholm, C.J. & L.M. Reid. In E.O. Salo & T.W. Cundy (eds.). Streamside Management: Forestry and Fisheries Interactions. Contribution No. 57, Institute of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle.pp.373-398. {WQB/MoF}

Influence of Forest and Rangeland Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat in Western North America. 5. Water Transportation and Storage of Logs. 1985. Sedell, J.R. and W.S. Duval. USDA Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report. No, PNW-186. La Grande, Oregon.

Logging Impacts and Some Mechanisms that Determine the Size of Spring and Summer Populations of Coho Salmon Fry (Onchorynchus kisutch) in Carnation Creek, British Columbia. 1984. Scrivener, J.C. and B.C. Anderson. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 41(7): 1097-1105. {MoELP/WQB}

Management History of Eastside Ecosystems: Changes in Fish Habitat Over 50 years, 1935 to 1992. 1994. McIntosh, Bruce A., James R. Sedell, Jeanette E. Smith, Robert C. Wissmar, Sharon E. Clarke, Gordon H. Reeves and Lisa A. Brown. USDA Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-321. From Eastside Forest Ecosystem Health Assessment. Volume III Everett, Richard L. and Paul F. Hessburg (eds.). {MoELP}

Risk Assessment for Salmon from Water Quality Changes Following Timber Harvesting. 1994. Stednick, J.D. and T.J. Kern. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 32(3): 227-238.

Saying That Logging is Either 'Good' or 'Bad' for Fish Doesn't Tell You How to Manage the System. 1987. Hartman, G.F., J.C. Scrivener, and T.E. McMahon. Forestry Chronicle. 63(3): 159-164. {MoF}

Selection of Measures of Substrate Composition to Estimate Survival to Emergence of Salmonids and to Detect Changes in Stream Substrates. 1991.Young, Michael K., Wayne A. Hubert and Thomas A. Wesche. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 11:339-346.

Some Preliminary Comments on Results of Studies of Trout Biology and Logging Impacts in Carnation Creek. 1988. Hartman, G.F. In Chamberlin, T.W. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia. {MoELP/WQB}

Stream Temperature and Aquatic Habitat: Fisheries and Forestry Interactions. 1987. Beschta, R.L., R.E. Bilby, G.W. Brown, L.B. Holtby, and T.D. Hofstra. In E.O. Salo & T.W. Cundy (eds.). Streamside Management: Forestry and Fisheries Interactions. Contribution No. 57, Institute of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle. pp. 191-232. {MoF}

Streamflow Regulation and Fish Community Structure. Bain, Mark B., John T. Finn, and Henry E. Booke 1988. Ecology 69(2): 382-392. {WQB}

Streamside Management: Forestry and Fishery Interactions. An Interdisciplinary Symposium, Feb. 12-14,1986. 1987. Salo, E.O. and T.W. Cundy. University of Washington, Institute of Forest Resources, Contribution No. 57. pp. 471. {MoF}

Summertime Habitat Use by Young Salmonids and their Responses to Cover and Predators in a Small Southeast Stream. 1991. Bugert, R.M., T.C. Bjornn, and W.R. Meehan. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 120: 474-485.

The Effects of Logging on the Coho Salmon of Carnation Creek, British Columbia. 1988. Holtby, L.B. In Chamberlin, T.W. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia. {MoELP/WQB}

The Stuart-Takla Fisheries/Forestry Interaction Project: Study Description and Design. 1992. Macdonald, J. Stevenson, J. Charles Scrivener and Glenn Smith. Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, West Vancouver Laboratory. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 1899. {MoELP/WQB}

The Use and Effectiveness of Coastal Forestry Guidelines in Selected Forest Districts of Coastal British Columbia. 1994. Tripp, D. Tripp Biological Consultants, Nanaimo, B.C. For Ministry of Forests, Integrated Research Branch, Victoria, B.C. {MoELP/MoF}

Woody Debris and Its Contribution to Pool Formation in a Coastal Stream 50 Years After Logging. 1988. Andrus, C.W., B.A. Long, and H.A. Froehlich. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 45: 2080-2086. {MoELP/WQB}

Woody Debris, Channel Features, and Macroinvertebrates of Streams With Logged and Undisturbed Riparian Timber in Northeastern Oregon, USA. 1990. Carlson, J.Y., C.W. Andrus, and H.A. Froehlich. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 47(6): 1103-1111. {MoELP/WQB}

STREAM TEMPERATURE AND CHEMISTRY

(pH and Conductivity, and Nutrient Levels)

An Examination of Land Use - Nutrient Export Relationships. 1982. Beaulac, M.N. and K.H. Reckhow. Water Resources Bulletin 18(6):1013-1023 {WQB-Ted}

Changes in Concentration of Dissolved Ions During 16 Years at Carnation Creek, British Columbia. 1988. Scivener, J.C. In T.W. Chamberlin. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Result. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia.

Chemical Characteristics of Small Streams Near Haney in Southwest British Columbia. 1979. Feller, M.C. and J.P. Kimmins. Water Resources Research. 15: 247-258.

Dennis Creek: a Look at Water Quality Following Logging in the Okanagan Basin. 1976. Hetherington, E.D. Pacific Forest Research Centre, Victoria, Canada. Report No. BC-X-147.

Dissolved Organic Carbon Cycling in Forested Watersheds: a Carbon Isotope Approach. 1990. Schiff, S.L., R. Aravena, S.E. Trumbore, and P.J. Dillon. Water Resources Research. 26(12): 2949-2957.

Effects of Clearcutting and Slash Burning on Streamwater Chemistry and Watershed Nutrient Budgets in Southwestern British Columbia. 1984. Feller, M.C. and J.P Kimmins. Water Resources Research. 20(1): 29-40.

Effects of Clearcutting and Slashburning on Stream Temperature in Southwestern British Columbia Feller, M.C. 1981. Water Resources Bulletin. 17(5): 863-867.

Effects of Forest Clear-cutting on Abundances of Oxygen and Organic Compounds in a Mountain Stream of the Marmot Creek Basin. 1981. Telang, S.A., G.W. Hodgson, and B.L. Baker. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 11(3): 545-553.

Effects of Forest Herbicide Applications on Streamwater Chemistry in Southwestern British Columbia. 1989. Feller, M.C. Water Resources Bulletin. 25(3): 607-616.

Effects of Timber Harvest on Stream Chemistry and Dissolved Nutrient Losses in Northwest Oregon. 1988. Tiedemann, A.R., T.M. Quigley, and T.D. Anderson. Forest Science. 34(2): 344-358.

Effects of Whole-Tree and Stem-Only Clearcutting on Postharvest Hydrologic Losses, Nutrient Capital, and Regrowth. 1988. Mann, L.K., D.W. Johnson, D.C. West, D.W. Cole, J.W. Hornbeck, C.W. Martin, H. Riekerk, C.T. Smith, W.T. Swank, L.M. Tritton, and D.H. Van Lear. Forest Science. 34(2): 412-428. {WQB, MoF}

Environmental Persistence of Diflubenzuron in a Forest Aquatic Environment Following Aerial Spray. 1991. Sundaram, K.M.S., S.B. Holmes, D.P Kreutzweiser, A. Sundaram, and P.D. Kingsbury. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 20(3): 313-324.

Litter Fall, Export, Decomposition and Retention in Carnation Creek, Vancouver Island. 1978. Neaves, P.I. Fisheries and Marine Service of Canada, Technical Report, No. 809.

Long-term Ionic Increases from a Central Appalachian Forested Watershed. 1991. Edwards, P.J. and J.D. Helvey. Journal of Environmental Quality. 20(1): 250-255.

Modelling Stream Acidification in Afforested Catchments: an Assessment of the Relative Effects of Acid Deposition and Afforestation. 1990. Jenkins, A., B.J. Cosby, R.C. Ferrier, T.A.B. Walker, and J.D. Miller. Journal of Hydrology. 120(1/4): 163-181.

Nutrient Concentration Patterns in Streams Draining Alpine and Subalpine Catchments, Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado. 1992. Stottlemeyer, R. and C.A. Troendle. Journal of Hydrology 140(1/4): 179-208.

Nutrient Distributions in Runoff from Ouachita Mountain Watersheds. 1983. Lawson, E.R. and L.H. Hileman. USDA- Forest Service. Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. General Technical Report SE-24461-467.

Nutrient Movement Through Western Hemlock-Western Redcedar Ecosystems in Southwestern British Columbia. 1977. Feller, M.C. Ecology. 58(6):1269-1283.

Phosphorus - Limited Growth Dynamics of Lotic Periphytic Diatom Communities: Areal Biomass and Cellular Growth Rate Responses. 1989. Bothwell, Max L. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 46: 1293-1301. {WQB-Ted}

Precipitation and Streamwater Chemistry in an Undisturbed Forested Watershed in New Hampshire. 1979. Martin, C.W. Ecology. 60(1): 36-42.

Role of Organic Debris Dams in Regualting the Export of Dissolved and Particulate Matter from a Forested Watershed. 1981. Bilby, Robert E. Ecology. 62(5): 1234-1243. {WQB}

Slash Burning Effects on Soil and Water Chemistry in Southeastern Alaska. 1982. Stednick, J.D., L.N. Tripp, and R.J. McDonald. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 37(2): 126-128.

Spatial and Temporal Variation in Groundwater Nitrate Removal in a Riparian Forest. 1995. Nelson, W.M., A.J. Gold, and P.M. Groffmann. Journal of Environmental Quality. 24(4): 691-699.

Storm Solute Behavior in a Montane Mediterranean Forested Catchment. 1992. Avila, A., J. Pinol, F. Roda, and C. Neal. Journal of Hydrology. 140 (1/4): 143-161.

Stream Nutrient Levels and Proximity of Agricultural and Forested Land to Streams: Some Relationships. 1981. Omernik, J.M., A.R. Abernathy, and L.M. Male. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. Jul.-Aug. 1981: 227-231. {WQB}

Stream Shading, Summer Streamflow and Maximum Water Temperature Following Intense Wildfire in Headwater Streams. 1989. Amaranthus, Michael, Howard Jubas, and David Arthur. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Fire and Watershed Management 1988 Oct. 26-28. 1989. Berg, Neil H.(tech. Co-ord.) USDA Forest Service. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Management Station. General Technical Report PSW-109. Berkeley, California. {MoELP}

Stream Temperature and Aquatic Habitat: Fisheries and Forestry interactions. 1987. Beschta, R.L., R.E. Bilby, G.W. Brown, L.B. Holtby, and T.D. Hofstra. In E.O. Salo & T.W. Cundy (eds.). Streamside Management: Forestry and Fisheries Interactions. Contribution No. 57, Institute of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle. pp. 191-232. {MoF}

Streamflow and Nitrogen Loss Following Forest Fertilization in a Southwestern Vancouver Island Watershed. 1985. Hetherington, E.D. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 15(10): 34-41.

The Effects of Clearfelling a Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis) Plantation on Solute Concentrations in Drainage Water. 1990. Adamson, J.K. and M. Hornung. Journal of Hydrology. 116(1/4): 287-297.

The Effects of Logging on Stream Temperatures at Carnation Creek. 1988. Holtby, L.B. In Chamberlin, T.W. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia.

The Effects of Watershed Disturbance on Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics of a Stream. 1983. Meyer, J.L., and C.M. Tate. Ecology. 64(1): 33-44.

The Internal Element Cycles of an Old-Growth Douglas-fir Ecosystem in Western Oregon. 1980. Sollins, P., C.C. Grier, F.M. McCorison, K. Cromack Jr., R. Fogel, and R.L. Fredriksen. Ecological Monographs. 50(3): 261-285.

The Use of Nutrient Diffusing Substrata to Assess Nutrient Limitation in a Stream Impacted by Agriculture and Silviculture. 1994. Nord, B. and D. Toetz. Journal of Freshwater Ecology. 9(4): 289-298.

Trends in Streamwater Chemistry and Input-Output Balances, Fraser Experimental Forest, Colorado. 1987. Stottlemeyer, R. and C. Troendle. USDA Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Research Paper No. RM-275. Fort Collins, Colorado {MoF, WQB }

Water Chemistry of Ephemeral Streams. 1994. Michael, J.L., W.P. Fowler, H.L. Gibbs, and J.B. Fischer. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Ecosystem Management in the Ouachita Mountains: Pretreatment Conditions and Preliminary Findings, Hot Springs, AR, Oct. 26-27, 1993. 1994. USDA Forest Service. Southern Forest Experiment Station. General Technical Report No. SO-112. New Orleans, Louisiana. {WQB}

CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY AND STREAMFLOW

A Cross Section of Stream Channel Restoration. Kondolf, G. Mathias. 1996. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 51(2): 119-125. {MoELP/WQB}

A View of the River. 1994. Leopold, L.B.. Harvard Univ. Press. Cambridge, MA.

Alteration of Streamflow Characteristics Following Road Construction in North Central Idaho. 1984. King, J.G. and L.C. Tennyson. Water Resources Research, 20 (8) 1159-1163.

Bedload Transport Regime of a Small Forest Stream. 1988. Sidle, R.C. Water Resources Research. 24(2): 207-218. {MoELP/WQB}

Causes of Peak Flows in Northwestern Montana and Northeastern Idaho. 1995. MacDonald Lee H. and James A. Hoffman. Water Resources Bulletin. 31(1): 79-95. {MoELP/WQB}

Channel Morphology and Typology . 1992. Church, M. In G.E.Petts and P. Calow (eds). The Rivers Handbook: hydrological and ecological principles: volume 1.

Channel Morphology of Unlogged, Logged, and Debris Torrented Streams in the Queen Charlotte Islands. 1986. Hogan, D.L. BC Ministry of Forests and Lands, Land Management Report, 49. Victoria.

Characteristics and Function of Large Woody Debris in Streams Draining Old-Growth, Clear-Cut, and Second-Growth Forests in Southwestern Washington. Bilby, Robert E. and James W. Ward. 1991. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 48: 2499-2508. {MoELP/WQB}

Downstream Effects of Timber Harvesting on Channel Morphology in Elk River Basin, Oregon. 1991. Ryan, S.E. and G.E. Grant. Journal of Environmental Quality. 20(1): 60-72. {MoELP/WQB}

Drainage Basin Form and Process - A Geomorphological Approach. 1973. Gregory, K.J., and D.E. Walling. Edward Arnold (Publishers).

Effects of Aggradation and Degradation of Riffle-Pool Morphology in Natural Gravel Channels, Northwest California. 1982. Lisle, Thomas E. Water Resources Research. 18(6): 1643-1651. {MoELP/WQB}

Hydrologic Effects of Deforesting Two Mountain Watersheds in West Virginia. 1971. Patric, J.H. and K.G. Reinhart. Water Resources Research. 7(5): 1182-1188. {MoELP/WQB}

Logging Effects on Streamflow: Water Yield and Summer Low Flows at Caspar Creek in Northwestern California. 1990. Keppeler, E.T. and R.R. Ziemer. Water Resources Research. 26(7): 1669-1679. {MoELP/WQB}

Long-term Changes in Streamflow Following Logging in Western Oregon and Associated Fisheries Implications. 1991. Hicks, Brendan J., Robert L. Beschta, and R. Dennis Harr. Water Resources Bulletin. 27(2): 217-226. {MoELP/WQB}

Morphological Features of Small Streams: Significance and Function. 1986. Beschta, R.L. and W.S. Platts. Water Resources Bulletin, American Water Resources Association. Vol 22(3), pp. 369-379.

Nutrient Export in Stormflow Following Forest Harvesting and Site-Preparation in East Texas. 1990. Blackburn, W.H. and J.C. Wood. Journal of Environmental Quality. 19: 402-408. {MoELP/WQB}

Peak Flow Responses to Clear-Cutting and Roads in Small and Large Basins, Western Cascades, Oregon. 1996. Jones, J. A. and G. E. Grant. Water Resources Research 32(4): 959-974. {MoELP/WQB}

Pool Spacing in Forest Channels. 1995. Montgomery, D.R., J.M. Buffington, R.D. Smith, K.M. Schmidt, and G. Pess. Water Resources Research 31(4): 1097-1105. {MoELP/WQB}

Removal of Woody Debris May Affect Stream Channel Stability. 1984. Bilby, R.E. Journal of Forestry 82(10): 609-613. {MoELP/WQB}

Sediment and Water Yields from Managed Forests on Flat Coastal Plain Sites. 1988. Beasley, R.S. and A.B. Granillo. Water Resources Bulletin. 24(2): 361-366. {MoELP/WQB}

Stormflow and Sediment Loss from Intensively Managed Forest Watersheds in East Texas. 1990. Blackburn, W.H., R.W. Knight, J.C. Wood and H.A. Pearson. Water Resources Bulletin 26(2): 465-476. {MoELP/WQB}

The Effects of Streamside Logging on Large Organic Debris in Carnation Creek. 1982. Toews, D. A. A., and M. K. Moore. Land Use Unit. Habitat Protection Division. Field Services Branch. Pacific Region Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Vancouver, BC. For Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests. {MoELP}

The Importance of Forests in the Hydrological Regime. (Chapter 7). 1987. Hetherington, E.D. In Canadian Aquatic Resources. Healy, M.C. and R.R. Wallace. (eds.) Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 215.

The Influence of Organic Debris on Channel Morphology and Bedload Transport in a New Zealand Forest Stream. 1981. Mosley, M.P. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 6:571-579.

The Potential Effect of Partial Cutting and Thinning on Streamflow from the Subalpine Forest. 1989. Troendle, C.A. USDA Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Research Paper RM-274. Fort Collins, Colorado. {MoF}

Woody Debris Dymnamics in Zero Order Streams of the Ouachita National Forest: Preliminary Findings. 1994. Fowler, Wm., Patrick. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Ecosystem Management in the Ouachita Mountains: Pretreatment Conditions and Preliminary Findings, Hot Springs, AR, Oct. 26-27, 1993. 1994. USDA Forest Service. Southern Forest Experiment Station. General Technical Report No. SO-112. New Orleans, Louisiana. {WQB}

SEDIMENTS

A Discussion of Suspended Sediment in the Takla Lake Region: the Influence of Water Discharge and Spawning Salmon. 1995. Cheong, A.L., J.C. Scrivener, J.S. Macdonald, B.C. Andersen, and E.M. Choromanski. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, West Vancouver Laboratory. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 2074. {MoELP,WQB}

Agriculture and Stream Water Quality: A Biological Evaluation of Erosion Control Practices. Lenat, David R. Environmental Management 8(4): 333-344.

Allochthonous versus Autochthonous Organic Matter Contributions to the Trophic Support of Fish Population in Clear-Cut and Old-Growth Forested Streams. 1992. Bilby, R.E., and P.A. Bisson. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 49(3): 540-551. { WQB}

An Aerial Photograph Inventory of the Frequency and Yield of Mass Wasting on the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. 1984. Rood, K.M. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Land management Report 34, Victoria.

Assessment of Cumulative Impacts to Water Quality in a Forested Wetland Landscape. 1990. Childers, D.L. and J.G. Gosselink. Journal of Environmental Quality. 19(3): 455-464. {WQB}

Bedload Transport Regime of a Small Forest Stream. 1988. Sidle, R.C. Water Resources Research. 24(2): 207-218. {WQB}

Changes in Water Quality and Climate After Forest Harvest in Central Washington State. 1988. Fowler, W.B., T.D. Anderson, and J.D. Hevley. USDA Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Research Station. Research Paper No. PNW-RP-388. Portland, Oregon.

Characteristics of Sediment and Organic Carbon Export from Pristine Boreal Forest Watersheds. 1982. Naiman, J. The Matamek Research Program: Annual Report for 1981. Technical Report No. WHOI-83-29. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Massachusetts, USA.

Clear-Cut Logging and Sediment Production in the Oregon Coast Range. Brown, George W., and James T. Krygier. Water Resources Research. 7(5): 1189-1198. {WQB}

Correlation Between Suspended Sediment and Other Water Quality Parameters in Small Streams of Forested East Texas. 1985. Granillo, A.B., M. Chang, and E.B. Rashin. Texas Journal of Sciences. 37(3/3): 227-234.

Debris Removal and its Effects on Sedimentation in an Oregon Coast Range Stream. 1979. Northwest Science. 53(1): 71-77.

Dissolved and Suspended Solids Transport from Coastal Plain Watersheds. 1990. Hubbard, R.K., J.M. Sheridan, and L.R. Marti. Journal of Environmental Quality. 19: 413-420. {WQB}

Environmental Protection Costs in Logging Road Design and Construction to Prevent Increased Sedimentation in the Carnation Creek Watershed (Vancouver Island). 1977. Ottens, J and J. Rudd. Pacific Forest Research Centre, Canada. Report No. BC-X-155.

Estimating Erosion Risks Associated with Logging and Forest Roads in Northwest Califorina. 1991. Rice, R.M. and J. Lewis. Water Resources Bulletin. 27(5): 809-817.

Gully Assessment Procedure (GAP). 1995. Ministry of Forests & Ministry of Environment Lands and Parks, FPC BC.

Hydrologic and Erosion Response of a Granitic Watershed to Helicopter Logging and Broadcast Burning. 1995. Megahan, W.F., J.G. King and K.A. Seyedbagheri. Forest Science. 41(4): 777-795. {MoF,WQB}

Landslide Inventory of Chapman Creek. 1987. Thompson, B. Ministry of Environment Lands and Parks. Surrey, B.C.

Logging and Mass Wasting in the Pacific Northwest, with Application to the Queen Charlotte Islands, BC: A Literature Review. 1987. Sauder, E.A.,R.K. Kray, and G.V. Wellburn. Land Management Report #53. Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada. Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Forests and Lands, Information Services Branch.

Logging in New England Need Not Cause Sedimentation of Streams. 1994. Martin, C.W. and J.W. Hornbeck. USDA Forest Service. Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry. 11(1): 17-23.

Long-term Patterns of Water Quality in a Managed Watershed in Orgeon: 1. Suspended Sediment. 1985. Sullivan, K. Water Resources Bulletin. 21(6): 977-987. {MoELP, WQB}

Mapping and Assessing Terrain Stability Guidebook. 1995. Ministry of Forests & Ministry of Environment Lands and Parks, FPC BC.

Monitoring Timber Harvest Impacts on Stream Sedimentation: Instream vs. Upslope Methods. 1996. Corner, R.A., J.H. Bassman and B.C. Moore. Western Journal of Applied Forestry. 11(1): 25-32. {WQB, MoF}

Particle Size Distribution Effects on Turbidity. 1980. Holstrom, T.A. and R. Hawkins. Symposium on Watershed Management, pp. 238-297. Boise, Idaho. American Society of Civil Engineers, N.Y.

Patterns of Suspended Sediment Transport in a Coastal Alaska Stream. 1985. Sidle, R.C. and A.J Campbell. Water Resources Bulletin. 21(6): 909-917. {WQB}

Piecewise SALT Sampling for Estimating Suspended Sediment Yields. 1989. Thomas, R.B. USDA Forest Service. Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report PSW-114. Berkeley, California.

Plant Nutrient Losses by Soil Erosion and Mass Movement After Wildfire. 1985. Helvey, J.D., A.R. Tiedemann, and T.D. Anderson. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 40(1): 168-173.

Protecting Forest Streams During Whole-tree Harvesting. 1986. Hornbeck, J.W., C.W. Martin and C.T. Smith. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry. 3(3): 97-100. {WQB, MoF}

Reducing Soil Erosion Associated with Forestry Operations Through Integrated Research: An Example from Coastal British Columbia, Canada. 1992. Chatwin, S.C., R.B. Smith, D.E. Walling, T.R. Davies & B. Hasholt. British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Research Branch, Victoria. In:Erosion, Debris Flows and Environment in Mountain Regions: Proceedings of International Symposium held at Chengdu, China, 5-9 July 1992. 1992. IAHS Publication No. 209.

Regional Clastic Sediment Yield in British Columbia. 1989. Church, M., R. Kellerhals and T.J. Day. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 26: 31-45. {WQB}

Research on the Effects of Mass Wasting of Forest Lands on Water Quality and the Impact of Sediment on Aquatic Organisms. 1981. NCASI. Stream Improvement - Technical Bulletin, No. 344. Nation a Council of the Paper Industry for Air and Stream Improvement. (NCASI). NY, NY, USA.

Role of Organic Debris Dams in Regualting the Export of Dissolved and Particulate Matter from a Forested Watershed. 1981. Bilby, Robert E. Ecology. 62(5): 1234-1243. {WQB}

Sediment and Nutrient Export in Runoff from Burned and Harvested Pine Watersheds in the South Carolina Piedmont. 1985. van Lear, D.H., J.E. Douglass, S.K. Cox, and M.K. Augspurger. Journal of Environmental Quality. 14(2): 169-173. {MoELP, WQB}

Sediment and Water Yields from Managed Forests on Flat Coastal Plain Sites. 1988. Beasley R. Scott and Alfredo B. Granillo. Water Resources Bulletin. 24(2): 361-366. . {MoELP, WQB}

Sediment Bioassay Research and Development. R.A.C. Project No. PDF 03. 1990. Krantzberg, Gail. Environmental Research, Research and Technology Branch, Environment Ontario. {MoELP}

Sediment in Forested and Logged Gullies, Coastal British Columbia. 1993. Millard, T.H. University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC. Department of Geography. M.Sc. Thesis.

Sediment in Streams: Sources, Biological Effects, and Control. 1995. Waters, Thomas F. American Fisheries Society Monograph No. 7. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. {MoELP}

Sediment Inclusion Events During Needle Ice Growth: A laboratory investigation of the role of soil moisture and temperature fluctuations. 1996. Branson, J., D.M. Lawler, and J.W. Glen. Water Resources Research. 32(2): 459-466.

Sediment Loads from 1973 to 1984 08HB048 Carnation Creek at the Mouth, British Columbia. 1988. Tassone, B.L. In T.W. Chamberlin. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia. {MoELP}

Sediment Monitoring: Reality and Hope. 1992. MacDonald, L.H. Invited Paper- EPA/USFS Technical Workshop on Sediments, Feb. 3-7, 1992. Corvallis, OR. p81-87.

Selected Methods for Monitoring Sediment Impacts from Forest Harvesting Activities in British Columbia, with a Literature Review of Sediment Impact on Freshwater Systems and a Summary of Fall, 1996 Field Tests Results. 1997. Rex, J.R. Environmental Protection Program, Ministry of Environment Lands and Parks, Omineca - Peace Region. Draft Report.

Soil Conservation, Second Edition. 1981. Hudson, N. Cornell University Press. Ithaca, NY. 324 p.

Soil Erosion in the Eastern Forest. 1976. Patric, J.H. USDA Forest Service, Parsons, W. Virginia. Journal of Forestry. 74(10): 671-677. {MoF}

Soil Erosion Studies Using Rainfall Simulation on Forest Harvested Areas in British Columbia. 1992. Commandeur, P.R., D. Walling, T. Davies & B. Hasholt. Forestry Canada, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria. Presented at: Erosion, Debris Flows and Environment in Mountain Regions: Proceedings of International Symposium held at Chengdu, China, 5-9 July 1992. 1992. IAHS Publication No. 209.

Summary of Sediment Yield Data from Forested Land in the United States. 1984. Patric, J.H., J.O. Evans, and J.D. Helvey. Journal of Forestry. 82(2): 101-104. {WQB,MoF}

Suspended Sediment and Turbidity Following Road Construction and Logging in Western Montana. 1987. Anderson, B. and D.F. Potts. Water Resources Bulletin. 23(4): 681-690. {MoELP, WQB}

Suspended Sediment in Aquatic Ecosystems: Ill Effects as a Function of Concentration and Duration of Exposure. 1994. Newcombe, Charles P. Province of British Columbia. Habitat Proctection Branch. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks. Victoria, BC. {MoELP}

Temporal Patterns in the Normal-Regime Fine-Sediment Cascade in Russel Creek basin, Vancouver Island. 1996. Nistor, C.J. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC. Department of Geography. M.Sc Thesis.

The Generation and Fate of Road Surface Sediment in Forested Watersheds in Southwestern Washington. 1989. Bilby, R.E., K. Sullivan and S. Duncan. Forest Science. 35(2): 453-468. {MoF}

The Potential of Subalpine Forest Management Practices on Sediments Production. 1987. Stednick, J.D. USDA Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report RM-149, p. 95-100. Fort Collins, Colorado. {MoF}

IMPACTS ON BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES

Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in 20 Streams of Varying pH and Humic Content. 1992. Kullberg, A. Environmental Pollution 78 (1/3): 103-106.

Biological Criteria: A Guide to Technical Literature. 1991. Maciorowski, A.F. and S.K.M. Marcy. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water,. EPA-440/5-91-004. {WQB/MoELP}

Biomonitoring and Environmental Assessment. 1991. Cullen, P. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 14:107-114. {WQB/MoELP}

Decomposition and Macroinvertebrate Colonization of Aquatic and Terrestrial Leaf Material in Alkaline and Acid Still Water. 1994. Kok, C.J. and G. Van der Velde. Freshwater Biology. 31(1): 65-75.

Effects of Forest Clearcutting in New England on Stream Macroinvertebrates and Periphyton. 1986. Noel, D.S., C.W. Martin, and C.A. Federer. Environmental Management. 10(5): 661-670. {WQB/MoELP}

Effects of Logging on Macroinvertebrates in Streams With and Without Buffer Strips. 1980. Newbold, J.D., D.C. Ermen and K.B. Roby. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 37: 409-442. {WQB/MoELP}

Effects of Riparian Community Structure, Sediment Size, and Water Quality on the Macroinvertebrate Communities in a Small, Suburban Stream. 1991. Hachmoller, B., R.A. Matthews, D.F. Brakke. Northwest Science. 65(3): 125-132. {WQB/MoF}

Evaluation of Hazards of Pesticides Used in Forest Spraying to the Aquatic Environment. 1980. Zitko, V. and D.W. McLeese. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, No. 985.

Examining Land Use Influences on Stream Habitats and Macroinvertebrates: A GIS Approach. 1994. Richards, Carl and George Host. Water Resources Bulletin. 30(4): 729-738. {WQB/MoELP}

Hexazinone Effects on Stream Periphyton and Invertebrate Communities. 1995. Kreutzweiser, D.P., S.S. Capell, and B.C. Sousa. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 14:(9): 1521-1527.

Impact of Forest Drainage on the Macroinvertebrates of a Small Boreal Headwater Stream: Do Buffer Zones Protect Lotic Biodiversity? 1996. Vuori, Kari-Matti and Ilona Joensuu. Biological Conservation. 77: 87-95. {WQB/MoF}

Invertebrate Drift in a Headwater Stream Treated with Permethrin. 1991. Kreutzweiser, D.P. and P.K. Sibley. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 20(3): 330-336.

Limnological Analyses, 2nd ed. 1992. Wetzel, R.G. and B.E. Likens.Springer-Verlag, New York, p.56.

Management of Conifer Plantations for the Conservation of Stream Macroinvertebrates. 1993. (publ. 1992.) Weatherly, N.S., E.C. Lloyd, S.D. Rundle, and S.J. Ormerod. Biological Conservation. 63(2): 171-176. {WQB/MoF}

Persistence of Carbaryl (Xevin-4-oil) in Woodland Ponds and its Effects on Pond Macroinvertebrates Following Forest Spraying. 1984. Gibbs, K.E., T.M. Mingo, and D.L. Couremanch. Canadian Entomologist. 166: 203-213.

Rapid Bioassessment Protocols for Use in Streams and Rivers: Benthic Macroinvertebrates and Fish. 1989. Plakin, James L., M.T. Barbour, K.D. Porter, S.K Gross, and R.M. Hughes. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Water, Assessment and Watershed Protection Division. Washington, DC EPA/444/4-89-001. {MoELP}

Status of and Attitudes Toward Aquatic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring on National Forests and Districts of the Bureau of Land Management. 1995. Angradi, Ted R., and Mark R. Vinson. USDA Forest Service. Northeastern Forest Experiment Station General Technical Report NE 200. {MoF}

The Autotrophic Community Response to Logging in Carnation Creek, British Columbia: a Six Year Perspective. 1988. Stochner, J.G. & K.S. Shortreed. In T.W. Chamberlin. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia. {WQB/MoELP}

The Effect of Streambank Clearcutting on the Benthic Invertebrates of Carnation Creek, British Columbia. 1988. Culp, J.M. In Chamberlin, T.W. (ed.). Proceedings of the Workshop: Applying 15 Years of Carnation Creek Results. Workshop held January 13-15, 1987, Nanaimo, British Columbia. {WQB/MoELP}

The Effects of Habitat Complexity on the Macroinvertebrates Colonising Wood Substrates in a Lowland Stream. 1991. O'Connor, N.A. Oecologia. 85(4): 504-512.

The Effects of Permethrin on the Invertebrate Fauna of a Quebec Forest. 1982. Kreutzweiser, D.P. Canadian Forestry Service. Report No. FPM-X-50.

The Use of Benthic Macroinvertebrates as Indicators of Logging Impact on Streams with Evaluation of Buffer Strip Effectiveness. 1977. Newbold, Denis J.. California University, Berkeley. Dept. of Forestry and Conservation. Prepared for Office of Water Research and Technology, Washington, DC. PB- 288 434. {MoELP}

Thermal Alterations of Streams Draining Clearcut Watersheds: Quantification and Biological Implications. 1984. Lynch, J.A., G.B. Rishel, and E.S. Corbett. Hydrobiologia. 111: 161-169.

Threats to and Sustainability of Freshwater Mollusks. 1994. Melhop, Patricia and Caryn C. Vaughn. In Sustainable Ecological Systems: Implementing an Ecological Approach to Land Management. 1993 Jan 12-15 Flagstaff, Arizona. 1994. USDA Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report RM-247. Fort Collins, Colorado. {WQB/MoF/MoELP}

Threshold concentration of Aminocarb that Causes Drift of Stream Insects. 1983. Eidt, D.C. and C.A.A. Weaver. Canadian Entomologist. 115(6): 715-716.

Trace Metals and Benthic Invertebrates in Sediments of Nearshore Lake Ontario at Hamilton Harbour. 1988. Poulton, D. J., K. J. Simpson, D. R. Barton, and K.R. Lum. International Association for Great Lakes Research. Journal of Great Lakes Research. 14(1): 52-65. {MoELP}

Unlogged Forests: Important Sites for Preserving the Diversity of Mycetophilids (Diptera: Sciaroidea). 1996. (kland, Bjorn. Biological Conservation. 76: 297-310. {WQB}

RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS

A Bibliography of Riparian Research and Management: Fish, Wildlife, Vegetation, and Hydrologic Responses to Livestock Grazing and Other Land Use Activities. 1992. Van Deventer, John S. Idaho Riparian Cooperative, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho. Idaho Forest Wildlife and Range Experiment Station, Contribution No. 643. {MoF}

Aspects of the Geometry of Riparian Buffer Strips and its Significance to Forestry Operations. 1995. Bren, L.J. Forest Ecology and Management. 75: 1-10.

Buffer Strip Design for Protecting Water Quality and Fish Habitat. 1994. Belt, G.H. and O'Laughlin. Western Journal of Applied Forestry. 9(2): 41-45.

Design of Forest Riparian Buffer Strips for the Protection of Water Quality: Analysis of Scientific Literature. 1992. Belt, George H., Jay O'Laughlin, and Troy Merrill. Idaho Forest, Wildlife and Range Policy Analysis Group. Report No. 8, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Range Sciences, University of Idaho. {MoF}

Effects of Logging on Macroinvertebrates in Streams With and Without Buffer Strips. 1980. Newbold, J.D., D.C. Ermen and K.B. Roby. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 37: 409-442.

Effects of Riparian Community Structure, Sediment Size, and Water Quality on the Macroinvertebrate Communities in a Small, Suburban Stream. 1991. Hachmoller, B., R.A. Mathews and D.F. Brakke. Northwest Science 65(3): 125-132.

Functional Approaches to Ripairan Buffer Strip Design. 1995. O'Laughlin, J. and G.H. Belt. Journal of Forestry. 93(2): 29-32.

Improving Lake Riparian Source Area Management Using Surface and Subsurface Runoff Indices. 1994. Geier, T.W., J.A. Perry, and L. Queen. Environmental Management. 18(4): 569-586.

Proceedings of the Symposium on Riparian Zone Management, Jan. 17-19, 1994. 1994. Singleton, J., B. Higgs, J. Campbell, A. Eddy, and T. Murray. Canadian Forest Service. R&D Report, No. 9. Canadian Forest Service, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.

Riparian Management Area Guidebook. 1995. Ministry of Forests &Ministry of Environment Lands and Parks, FPC BC.

Riparian Management: Common Threads and Shared Interests. 1993. USDA Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. General Technical Report- RM-226. Fort Collins, Colorado. {MoELP/MoF}

Riparian Silvicultutal System Design and Assessment in the Pacific Northwest Cascade Mountains, USA. 1995. Berg, D.R. Ecological Applications. 5(1): 87-96.

Riparian Trees, Shrubs, and Forest Regeneration in the Coastal Mountains of Oregon. 1994. Minore, D. and H.G. Weatherly. New Forests. 8(3): 249-263

Riparian Vegetated Buffer Strips in Water Quality Restoration and Stream Management. 1993. Osborne, L.L. and D.A. Kovacic. Freshwater Biology.29(2): 243-258.

Selected Bibliography of Riparian Zones / Wetlands. 1989. Pease, James R. Extension Land Resource Specialist. Oregon State University. Oregon State University Extension Service. Extension Miscellaneous 8401. {MoELP-Nanaimo, MoF}

Southwestern Riparian-Stream Ecosystems: Research Design, Complexity, and Opportunity. 1991. Rinne, John N. and Russell A. LaFayette. USDA Forest Service. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Research Paper- RM-299. Fort Collins, Colorado. {MoELP}

Streamside Management: Riparian Wildlife and Forestry Interactions. 1988. Raedeke, Kenneth J. University of Washington, Institute of Forest Resources, Contribution No. 59 {MoF}

The Effects of Habitat Complexity on the Macroinvertebrates Colonising Wood Substrates in a Lowland Stream. 1991. O'Connor, N.A. Oecologia. 85(4): 504-512. {WQB/MoELP}

The Role of Riparian Corridors in Maintaining Regional Biodiversity. 1993. Naiman, R.J. H. Decamps and M.Pollock. Ecological Applications. 3: 209-212.

The Utility of Stream Habitat and Biota for Identifying Potential Conflicting Forest Land Uses: Montane Riparian Areas. 1990. Rinne, J.N. Forest Ecology and Management. 33-34: 1-4, 363-383.

Last updated: September 18, 2001